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Heat & fluids

Thermal insulation, heat exchangers, piping, pumps and control valves.

Economic insulation thickness

Calculate heat loss from pipes and surfaces, outer surface temperature and the economic insulation thickness, with payback and NPV.

Heat loss, surface temperature, thickness

Economic pipe size and pumping

Compare pipe sizes by total cost: Darcy–Weisbach and Colebrook head loss, pumping energy and investment, with payback.

Head loss, velocity, energy by size

Pump and system curves

Find the pump operating point on the system curve, compare one pump, two in parallel and two in series, and calculate drive savings versus throttling.

Duty point, parallel, series, VFD

Heat exchanger: LMTD and area

Pre-size a heat exchanger: heat balance, LMTD, shell-and-tube F factor, fouled U, area, effectiveness and the payback of heat recovery.

LMTD, F factor, area, effectiveness

Control valve: Cv and Kv

Calculate control valve Cv and Kv for liquids, gases and steam per IEC 60534-2-1, check choked flow and cavitation, and see travel at minimum, normal and maximum flow.

Cv, Kv, choked flow, travel, IEC 60534

Pump sizing

Calculate total dynamic head from suction, discharge, fittings and equipment, NPSH available and cavitation risk, shaft power, motor size, specific speed and viscous correction.

TDH, NPSH, power, motor